In order to restore the physiology of the nasal cavity, surgical intervention is often used, and the result is the correction of the nasal septum. Otolaryngologists first refer many of their patients for X-ray examinations and then undergo surgery. The problem of bent nasal septum is very common, but not as trivial as many people think. People who take this condition are more likely to suffer from sinusitis and sinusitis than others, which leads to hypoxia and impaired metabolic processes in the body.
Causes of bending
There are only 3 main reasons for this problem-genetic, compensatory or traumatic. In most cases, doctors will face the genetic cause of the curvature of the nasal septum-due to the abnormal development of the human uterus, the structure of the nasal cavity will be abnormal.
This is manifested by the displacement or deformation of the bone or cartilage tissue in the area, the appearance of ridges, and certain types of tissue fusion.
Traumatic causes are also common in our time. In essence, traumatic causes may occur in many athletes, soldiers, and other professionals (or in other ways) who may have nasal fractures.
The mechanical action can damage the nose (in this case it is not even necessary to disconnect the nose), the nasal septum shifts, thereby reducing the internal cavity on one side. When bones and cartilage tissue are actively growing, this condition is more dangerous during adolescence. Under the compensatory causes of the curvature of the nasal septum, experts understand the growth process of adenoids, the occurrence of nasal polyps, the frequent swelling of rhinitis and the formation of nostrils or the formation of barbells.
What is the operation for?
If rhinoplasty is purely aesthetic and cosmetic in nature, and only affects external factors, then there are many medical prescriptions for correcting the nasal septum.
This kind of surgery can correct the shape of the nose, but first it needs to restore the health of the organs, not the beauty of the organs.
If such operations are not performed on time, serious health complications may result, including:
- Violation of the correctness of nasal breathing, which means that it is difficult for a person to inhale air through the nose;
- Disturbance of aerodynamics in the nasal cavity; impaired mucosal protection;
- Occurrence of hypoxia in the body; occurrence of sneezing, laryngospasm and other reflex diseases;
- Frequent migraines;
- A somatic cough occurred.
Surgical indications and contraindications
After a thorough examination of the patient, corrective surgery for the curvature of the nasal septum will be performed. To begin this examination, the doctor must analyze the verbal complaints he may have heard from the patient.
For example, you can consider diagnosis in the case of frequent rhinitis or sinusitis, functional obstruction of one of the patient's nostrils, changes in the shape of the nose, occurrence of nosebleeds, frequent allergic reactions and nighttime beatings. For two or more similar chief complaints, fluoroscopy is required, with which the diagnosis can be confirmed or rejected. X-ray images will visualize the nature of the deformity and its type and shape.
After receiving this information, the expert can determine what to do in this particular situation. Sometimes rhinoscopy is used instead of X-rays for diagnosis.
The main indications for surgical correction of the nasal septum are obvious deformities in the area, internal cysts, aneurysms, and even the patient's main complaint of a sharp deterioration in health. In addition, the indication for surgery is due to hypoxia, often suffering from sinusitis, rhinitis, nasal breathing difficulties, and metabolic impairment caused by the transition of breath through the mouth.
In the case of a curved nasal septum, all symptoms and diseases of the upper respiratory tract are very closely related to each other.
Difficulty breathing is caused by narrowing of the nasal cavity, which also increases the possibility of bacteria entering the nasal passage. For this reason, people suffering from sinusitis, rhinitis and other diseases in the area suffer from severe sinusitis more often than others, which becomes the chronic stage. All of the above diseases cause pain on the head and face of the face. These symptoms are the reason to consult a doctor immediately.
By removing the pituitary tumor, surgery can also be performed to restore the nasal septum. This is possible by using a transsphenoidal approach through the atrial septum. Surgical operations of this nature are also performed in cosmetic rhinoplasty, because donor cartilage is required in this case, and its source may be the nasal septum.
There are not many contraindications to this surgical procedure. You cannot perform this type of surgery on pregnant women with cancer of type 1 or type 2 diabetes and breastfeeding mothers with cancer in the elderly.
It is impossible to intervene in the perforation of the diaphragm that is too large, cocaine addiction, Wegener's granulomatosis, malignant lymphoma, and T cell and B cell proliferation. In this case, you can consult a doctor to correct the nasal septum with a laser.
Various surgical procedures
If severe curvature of the nasal septum is found, surgery is recommended as soon as possible. In the future, this will determine the overall health and health of the patient. In this case, surgery can be performed in two ways-by submucosal resection or using endoscopic septoplasty.
The classic technique of nasal septum correction is submucosal resection. In this case, the surgeon makes a small arc-shaped incision in the front of the septal cartilage, first dissecting the mucosa, and then dissecting the curved cartilage. Then use a special tool to separate the cartilage from the perichondrium, and remove the part that needs to be corrected without affecting the upper layer of the cartilage.
Use special tools to remove the bone septum, fix the upper layer of the mucosa, periosteum and perichondrium, and fix it with a cotton swab. During this operation, no stitches are applied to the face due to the rapid regeneration ability of the surgical tissue.
The deformed nasal septum can be treated with endoscopic angioplasty and healed in a gentler way.
This modern technology using a nasal endoscope can diagnose the deformed area, its nature, and help to remove everything that is unnecessary through the micro-incision of the mucosa. When used with an endoscope, the technology involves the use of microsurgery instruments and a computer monitor that displays the entire procedure.
In modern medicine, although they are very effective, they prefer to use the second surgical method. Endoscopy helps to avoid increased trauma, increased complications, and promotes the early recovery of all nasal functions.
Due to the complications and side effects of any type of intervention, the occurrence of intranasal bleeding, bleeding, abscess, abscess, suppurative sinusitis and deformation is also possible.
Within a short period of time after surgery, paper clips must be worn for support and recovery, and gauze bandages must be applied to the nasal cavity. The patient can only breathe through the mouth until the fourth or fifth day when nasal breathing can be recovered.
During the entire process after the operation, the expert will monitor the patient, remove the crust, and rinse the nose. Usually, the doctor will prescribe painkillers to the patient because the nose will hurt. If there is a risk of wound infection, antibiotics should be used. After the patient is discharged from the hospital, he will need to be checked by an otolaryngologist once a week to monitor the healing process and restore the health of the nose. At the same time, you cannot do physical exercises and eat pepper without a doctor's special order.
In addition to the two surgical techniques used to restore the nasal septum, there is also a laser technique used for non-surgical interventions. With laser septaplasty, when the mucosa is cut, the blood vessels are stuck together, so there is no need for sutures after this treatment. After this treatment, there is no need to be hospitalized, and the operation itself is performed in an outpatient clinic under local anesthesia. One hour after laser correction, the patient can leave the hospital wall.